| List of Contributors |
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xiii | |
| A. Advances |
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Disorders of Consciousness: Anatomical and Physiological Mechanisms. |
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J.L. VALATX, I.N.S.E.R.M. U480, Claude Bernard University, Lyon, France |
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3 | (1) |
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4 | (1) |
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4 | (4) |
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5 | (1) |
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6 | (2) |
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8 | (7) |
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The Posterior Hypothalamus |
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11 | (1) |
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11 | (1) |
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Orexin/Hypocretin Network |
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12 | (2) |
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Brainstem Acetylcholine and Amine Networks |
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14 | (1) |
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15 | (1) |
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Tentative Functions of the Wake System |
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15 | (3) |
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Effect of Sleep Deprivation on Cognitive Performances |
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17 | (1) |
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18 | (6) |
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Advances in Craniosynostosis Research and Management. |
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J. GUIMARÃES-FERREIRA¹, J. MIGUÉNS², and C. LAURITZEN³, ¹Departments of Human Anatomy and Plastic Surgery, University of Lisbon School of Medicine, Lisbon, Portugal; ²Department of Neurosurgery, University of Lisbon School of Medicine, Lisbon, Portugal; ³Head, Craniofacial Unit, Department of Plastic Surgery, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Goteborg, Sweden |
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24 | (1) |
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24 | (1) |
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Normal Craniofacial Embryology and Growth |
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25 | (2) |
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Aetiology, Pathogenesis and Function |
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27 | (7) |
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Classification and Diagnosis |
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34 | (1) |
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Evolution of Surgical Treatment |
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35 | (4) |
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39 | (9) |
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39 | (1) |
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Imaging Techniques and Surgical Planning |
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39 | (1) |
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40 | (1) |
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Bone Substitutes and Tissue Engineering |
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41 | (2) |
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Distraction Osteogenesis and the Spring-Mediated Cranioplasties |
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43 | (3) |
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Resorbable Distractor Devices |
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46 | (1) |
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Minimally Invasive Surgery |
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47 | (1) |
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48 | (1) |
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48 | (18) |
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49 | (1) |
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50 | (6) |
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56 | (2) |
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58 | (2) |
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60 | (2) |
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62 | (1) |
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Crouzon and Pfeiffer Syndromes |
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62 | (1) |
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63 | (3) |
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66 | (22) |
| B. Technical Standards |
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Preoperative Clinical Evaluation, Outline of Surgical Technique and Outcome in Temporal Lobe Epilepsy. |
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A. IMMONEN¹, L. JUTILA², R. KÄLVIÄINEN², E. MERVAALA³, K. PARTANEN 4, J. PARTANEN³, R. VANNINEN 4, A. YLINEN 5, I. ALAFUZOFF 6, L. PALJÄRVI 6, H. HURSKAINEN¹, J. RINNE¹, M. PURANEN 4, and M. VAPALAHTI¹; ¹Department of Neurosurgery, Kuopio University Hospital, Kuopio, Finland; ²Department of Neurology, Kuopio University Hospital, Kuopio, Finland; ³Department of Clinical Neurophysiology, Kuopio University Hospital, Kuopio, Finland; 4 Department of Clinical Radiology, Kuopio University Hospital, Kuopio, Finland; 5 Department of Neuroscience and Neurology, University of Kuopio, Kuopio, Finland; 6 Department of Clinical Pathology, Kuopio University Hospital, Kuopio, Finland |
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88 | (1) |
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89 | (1) |
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Epidemiology of Temporal Lobe Epilepsy (TLE) |
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89 | (1) |
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Etiology and Pathology of TLE |
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90 | (1) |
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Temporal Lobe Seizure Symptomatology |
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91 | (1) |
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92 | (1) |
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92 | (1) |
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Selection of Candidates for Preoperative Assessment |
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92 | (1) |
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Neuropsychological Evaluation in TLE |
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93 | (2) |
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94 | (1) |
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Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) in TLE |
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95 | (6) |
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96 | (1) |
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97 | (1) |
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98 | (1) |
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98 | (3) |
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EEG-Videotelemetry in TLE |
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101 | (1) |
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101 | (1) |
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Diagnostic EEG-Videotelemetry |
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101 | (1) |
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Intracranial EEG-Monitoring in TLE |
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102 | (4) |
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Indications for Intracranial EEG |
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102 | (1) |
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Intracranial EEG-Recording in Videotelemetry |
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102 | (1) |
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Surgical Technique for Inserting the Electrodes |
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103 | (1) |
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Complications of Invasive EEG-Monitoring |
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104 | (2) |
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Functional Imaging in TLE |
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106 | (5) |
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Positron Emission Tomography, PET |
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107 | (2) |
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Single Photon Emission Computed Tomography, SPECT |
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109 | (1) |
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Magnetoencephalography, MEG |
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110 | (1) |
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Indications for Surgery in TLE |
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111 | (1) |
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Surgery in Patients with Temporal Lobe Lesions |
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112 | (1) |
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Technique of Tailored Temporal Lobe Resection with Amygdalo-Hippo-campectomy |
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113 | (6) |
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Peroperative Electrocorticography |
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117 | (2) |
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Outcome of Surgery with Respect to Seizures |
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119 | (2) |
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121 | (2) |
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123 | (1) |
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124 | (1) |
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124 | (10) |
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Motor Evoked Potential Monitoring for Spinal Cord and Brain Stem Surgery. |
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F. SALA, P. LANTERI, and A. BRICOLO, Department of Neurological Sciences and Vision, Section of Neurosurgery, University of Verona |
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134 | (1) |
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134 | (1) |
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Part I: Intraoperative Neurophysiological Techniques |
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135 | (13) |
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135 | (1) |
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Historical Background on MEP Monitoring |
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135 | (1) |
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Misconceptions about MEP Monitoring |
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137 | (1) |
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138 | (1) |
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MEP Monitoring Techniques for Spinal Cord and Brainstem Procedures |
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138 | (1) |
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Transcranial Electrical Stimulation of the Motor Cortex and Muscle Recordings (Multipulse Technique) |
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139 | (1) |
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Transcranial Electrical Stimulation of the Motor Cortex and Epidural Recordings (Single Pulse Technique) |
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140 | (1) |
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Mapping of the Corticospinal Tract During Brainstem Procedures |
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142 | (1) |
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143 | (1) |
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Mapping of the Corticospinal Tract During Spinal Cord Procedures: The Collision Technique |
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143 | (1) |
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Monitoring of the Corticobulbar Tracts |
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144 | (4) |
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Part II: Clinical Application |
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148 | (13) |
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Correlation Between Intraoperative MEP Recordings and Post-Operative Motor Outcome |
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148 | (1) |
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How to Avoid Irreversible MEP Loss |
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149 | (1) |
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150 | (1) |
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Corrective Measures for the Management of Deteriorating Signals |
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152 | (1) |
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Dose MEP Monitoring Really Make a Difference? |
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153 | (1) |
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153 | (8) |
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161 | (4) |
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165 | (1) |
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165 | (7) |
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Motor Evoked Potential Monitoring for the Surgery of Brain Tumours and Vascular Malformations. |
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G. NEULOH and J. SCHRAMM, Department of Neurosurgery, University of Bonn, Germany |
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172 | (1) |
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173 | (3) |
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Direct Stimulation Mapping |
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173 | (1) |
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174 | (1) |
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175 | (1) |
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176 | (12) |
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177 | (6) |
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183 | (1) |
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184 | (2) |
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186 | (2) |
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Neurophysiological Functional Mapping of the Pericentral Cortex |
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188 | (8) |
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189 | (4) |
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Intraoperative Stimulation Mapping |
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193 | (2) |
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Extraoperative Mapping with Grid Electrodes |
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195 | (1) |
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Principles of Clinical Application |
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196 | (6) |
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Indications for MEP Monitoring |
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196 | (1) |
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Interpretation of MEP Changes |
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197 | (1) |
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Correlation of Intraoperative MEP Changes and Motor Outcome |
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198 | (2) |
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Surgical Reactions to MEP Changes |
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200 | (1) |
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Influence of MEP Monitoring on Surgical Results and Outcome |
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201 | (1) |
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202 | (6) |
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Supratentorial Tumors and Vascular Malformations |
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202 | (1) |
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203 | (1) |
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Insular Tumors and Sylvian AVMs |
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204 | (4) |
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208 | (3) |
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Indications for MEP Monitoring |
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208 | (1) |
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Impact on Surgical Strategy |
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208 | (1) |
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Clinical Experience with MEP Monitoring for Infratentorial Surgery |
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208 | (3) |
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211 | (2) |
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SEP Monitoring for Aneurysm Surgery |
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211 | (1) |
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Conduction of MEP Monitoring for Aneurysm Surgery |
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212 | (1) |
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212 | (1) |
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Clinical Relevance of Aneurysm Monitoring |
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213 | (1) |
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213 | (6) |
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213 | (4) |
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When to Perform MEP Monitoring? |
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217 | (1) |
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How to Achieve Good MEP Monitoring? |
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217 | (1) |
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How to Assess and Interpret MEPs? |
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218 | (1) |
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Does MEP Monitoring Influence Surgical Strategy and Postoperative Outcome? |
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218 | (1) |
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219 | (10) |
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Functional Neuronavigation and Intraoperative MRI. |
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C. NIMSKY, O. GANSLANDT, and R. FAHLBUSCH, Department of Neurosurgery, University Erlangen-Nurnberg, Erlangen, Germany |
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229 | (1) |
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230 | (1) |
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Functional Neuronavigation |
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231 | (6) |
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232 | (1) |
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233 | (1) |
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Clinical Impact of Functional Imaging |
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234 | (1) |
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234 | (3) |
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237 | (11) |
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237 | (1) |
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238 | (1) |
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239 | (1) |
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240 | (1) |
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242 | (1) |
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Limitations and Imaging Alternatives |
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242 | (2) |
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244 | (1) |
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Integration of a High-Field Scanner into the Operating Room |
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245 | (1) |
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247 | (1) |
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Summary & Future Developments |
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248 | (6) |
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254 | (1) |
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254 | (11) |
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Surgical Anatomy of the Insula. |
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M. GUENOT¹, J. ISNARD², and M. SINDOU¹; ¹Department of Functional Neurosurgery, Hôpital Neurologique, P. Wertheimer, University of Lyon, France, ²Department of Functional Neurology and Epileptology, Hopital Neurologique P. Wertheimer, University of Lyon, France |
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265 | (1) |
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266 | (3) |
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Descriptive Anatomy [33, 39] |
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269 | (14) |
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The Borders of the Insula |
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269 | (1) |
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The Insular Cortex (Fig. 7) |
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270 | (2) |
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Relationships (Figs. 8-12) |
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272 | (1) |
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273 | (1) |
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273 | (1) |
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Long Ipsihemispheric Association Fascicles |
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273 | (1) |
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Vascular Anatomy (Figs. 13-15) |
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274 | (1) |
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277 | (1) |
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278 | (1) |
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278 | (1) |
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Connections (Fig. 17) [1, 17, 18] |
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278 | (1) |
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Physiological Roles of the Insula [1-3, 13, 14, 22, 23, 27] |
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280 | (1) |
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281 | (2) |
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The Insula and Epilepsy Surgery |
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283 | (1) |
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Tumoral Surgery in the Insular Region |
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283 | (2) |
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285 | (1) |
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285 | |
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